Graduated from the Department of Physics at Tbilisi State University, 1984. Diplomatic courses at the universities of Oxford and Birmingham, 1988; Yale University World Fellow Program, 2002; and the Harvard University John F. Kennedy School of Government, 2003. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia, 1990-2001. Co-Founder and executive vice-president of the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies, the largest think tank in the South Caucasus, 2001-2008. Also co-founder and member of the boards of the Georgian Council on Foreign Relations and the Atlantic Council of Georgia. Member of the board of the Georgian Institute of Public Affairs. State Minister of Georgia for Reintegration, 2008-2010. Deputy Prime Minister, 2009. Ambassador of Georgia to the United States, 2010-2013.